01 Work, The Art of War, François Joseph Heim's Defeat of the Cimbri and the Teutons by Marius, with footnotes

François Joseph Heim, French (Belfort 1787 - 1865 Paris)

Previously Théodore Chassériau, French (Ste. Barbe de Samana, S. America 1819 - 1856 Paris)

Defeat of the Cimbri and the Teutons by Marius, c. 1853

Oil on canvas

59.4 x 72.1 cm (23 3/8 x 28 3/8 in.)

Harvard University Art Museums

"The Defeat of the Teutons and the Cimbri by Gaius Marius, " a historical masterpiece painted by Francois Joseph Heim. The artwork depicts a pivotal moment in ancient history when Roman general Gaius Marius triumphed over the Germanic tribes during their invasion. In this intense scene, we witness an epic clash between two worlds as warriors from both sides engage in fierce combat. The painting vividly captures the chaos and brutality of battle, with each stroke conveying raw emotion and determination. Gaius Marius stands tall at the forefront, embodying strength and leadership as he leads his troops against the invading forces. His strategic prowess is evident as he strategically slays his enemies while commanding his soldiers to victory. 

The Germanic tribe members fiercely resist, fighting for their survival against overwhelming odds. This confrontation symbolizes not only a clash of armies but also a clash of cultures and ideologies. Heim's masterful use of oil on paper on canvas brings life to this historic event that forever changed Europe's course. Through this image, viewers are transported back in time to witness firsthand one of Rome's greatest military victories. This print serves as a visual reminder of humanity's eternal struggle for power and dominance throughout history—a testament to mankind's unyielding spirit even in times of conflict and adversity. More on The Defeat of the Teutons and the Cimbri by Gaius Marius

François-Joseph Heim - Born near Belfort in 1787, died in Paris in 1865.  This clever painter commenced work when eight years old and gained the first prize for drawing in Strasbourg before he was eleven.  He was a pupil of François-André Vincent in 1803, his people having sent him to Paris to receive the best instruction they could afford.  In 1807 he won a prize at the Académie with a picture of Theseus and the Minotaur [above], and a travelling scholarship with which he went to Rome.  On his return to Paris he carried off the gold medal at the Académie, became a full member in 1829, and a professor in 1831.  He was appointed painter to the Institut de France and exhibited over sixty portraits of members, the drawings for which are now in the Louvre.  His historical and religious paintings were very attractive. More on François-Joseph Heim

Théodore Chassériau (September 20, 1819 – October 8, 1856) was a Dominican-born French Romantic painter noted for his portraits, historical and religious paintings, allegorical murals, and Orientalist images inspired by his travels to Algeria. Early in his career he painted in a Neoclassical style close to that of his teacher Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, but in his later works he was strongly influenced by the Romantic style of Eugène Delacroix. He was a prolific draftsman, and made a suite of prints to illustrate Shakespeare's Othello. The portrait he painted at the age of 15 of Prosper Marilhat, makes Théodore Chassériau the youngest painter exhibited at the Louvre museum. More on Théodore Chassériau

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