Art Blog: 2020

01 Painting, The amorous game, Part 60 - With Footnotes

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, (1864-1901)

Au lit: Le baiser, c. 1892

Oil on board

17⅞ x 23 in (45.5 x 58.5 cm).

Private collection

Henri Marie Raymond de Toulouse-Lautrec-Monfa (24 November 1864 – 9 September 1901), also known as Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec was a French painter, printmaker, draughtsman and illustrator whose immersion in the colourful and theatrical life of Paris in the late 19th century allowed him to produce a collection of enticing, elegant and provocative images of the modern, sometimes decadent, life of those times. Toulouse-Lautrec is among the best-known painters of the Post-Impressionist period, alongside Cézanne, Van Gogh and Gauguin. In a 2005 auction at Christie's auction house, La Blanchisseuse, his early painting of a young laundress, sold for US$22.4 million and set a new record for the artist for a price at auction. More on Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec

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01 Painting, The amorous game, Part 59 - With Footnotes

Gustav Klimt (1862-1918)

The Kiss, c. 1907-08

Oil on canvas

180 x 180 cm

Osterreichische Galerie Belvedere, Vienna, Austria

Gustav Klimt (July 14, 1862 – February 6, 1918) was an Austrian symbolist painter and one of the most prominent members of the Vienna Secession movement. Klimt is noted for his paintings, murals, sketches, and other objets d'art. Klimt's primary subject was the female body, and his works are marked by a frank eroticism. In addition to his figurative works, which include allegories and portraits, he painted landscapes. Among the artists of the Vienna Secession, Klimt was the most influenced by Japanese art and its methods.

Early in his artistic career, he was a successful painter of architectural decorations in a conventional manner. As he developed a more personal style, his work was the subject of controversy that culminated when the paintings he completed around 1900 for the ceiling of the Great Hall of the University of Vienna were criticized as pornographic. He subsequently accepted no more public commissions, but achieved a new success with the paintings of his "golden phase," many of which include gold leaf. More Gustav Klimt

After the death of Klimt, the writer and art critic Berta Tsukerkandl wrote in the Vienna newspaper Wiener Zeitung: "One of the greatest died. A simple hero. Quiet , tenacious fighter. Invincible. Winner. [...] The death of Klimt permeates our souls as something incomprehensible , as the desecration of wonderful gift , prepodnesonnogo humanity. " The Leopold Museum

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01 Painting, The amorous game, Part 58 - With Footnotes

Lawrence Alma Tadema

A Foregone Conclusion, c. 1885

Oil paint on wood

42⅓ x 20½ in (62 x 52.5 cm)

Tate

Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema, OM, RA (8 January 1836 – 25 June 1912) was a Dutch painter of special British denizenship.

Born in Dronrijp, the Netherlands, and trained at the Royal Academy of Antwerp, Belgium, he settled in England in 1870 and spent the rest of his life there. A classical-subject painter, he became famous for his depictions of the luxury and decadence of the Roman Empire, with languorous figures set in fabulous marbled interiors or against a backdrop of dazzling blue Mediterranean Sea and sky.

Though admired during his lifetime for his draftsmanship and depictions of Classical antiquity, his work fell into disrepute after his death, and only since the 1960s has it been re-evaluated for its importance within nineteenth-century English art. More on Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema

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01 Painting, The amorous game, Part 61 - With Footnotes

Francesco Hayez, (1791–1882)

The Kiss, c. 1859

Oil on canvas

Height: 110 cm (43.3″); Width: 88 cm (34.6″)

Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan, Italy

Francesco Hayez (10 February 1791 – 21 December 1882) was an Italian painter, the leading artist of Romanticism in mid-19th-century Milan, renowned for his grand historical paintings, political allegories and exceptionally fine portraits.

Hayez came from a relatively poor family from Venice. He was brought up by his mother's sister, who had married a well-off shipowner and collector of art. From childhood he showed a predisposition for drawing, so his uncle apprenticed him to an art restorer. Later he became a student of the painter Francesco Maggiotto with whom he continued his studies for three years. He was admitted to the painting course of the New Academy of Fine Arts in 1806. In 1809 he won a competition from the Academy of Venice for one year of study at the Accademia di San Luca in Rome. He remained in Rome until 1814, then moved to Naples where he was commissioned by Joachim Murat to paint a major work depicting Ulysses at the court of Alcinous. In the mid-1830s he attended the "Salotto Maffei" salon in Milan.

Francesco Hayez lived long and was prolific. His output spanned both historic paintings, and Neoclassic style grand themes, either from biblical or classical literature. He also painted scenes from theatrical presentations of his day. More Francesco Hayez

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01 Painting, Streets of Paris, by the artists of their time, Part 72

Ulpiano Checa, (1860–1916)

Día de lluvia en Paris/ Rainy day in Paris

Oil on canvas

Height: 66 cm (25.9″); Width: 80 cm (31.4″)

Museo Ulpiano Checa

Ulpiano Fernández-Checa y Saiz (April 3, 1860 – January 5, 1916), known as Ulpiano Checa, was a Spanish painter, sculptor, poster designer and illustrator. He used both impressionistic and academic techniques, and mainly painted historical subjects.

He was born in Colmenar de Oreja, Spain, and exhibited a talent for art when he was a young child. At thirteen, he met Don José Ballesterwho was impressed with his work and decided to bring Checa and his family to the capital to begin his art studies.

In 1873, he entered the Escuela de Bellas Artes de San Fernando in Madrid, followed by study at the Spanish Academy of Fine Arts in Rome [es], where he would paint Invasion of the Barbarians (since lost in a fire) which won the gold medal at the National Exhibition of Fine Arts in 1887. More on Ulpiano Fernández-Checa y Saiz

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01 Painting, Streets of Paris, Jean Dufy's La danse (Au Cirque Médrano), Part 71

Jean Dufy, (1888-1964)

La danse (Au Cirque Médrano/ Circus Medrano), c. 1930

Oil on canvas

18 1/8 x 15 in. (46 x 38 cm.)

Private collection

The Cirque Medrano is a French circus that was located at the edge of Montmartre, in what was then the edge of the City of Paris, under the name "Cirque Fernando". The title "Cirque Medrano" is still active today: it is now a successful French traveling circus.

The Parisian circus was created by a Belgian circus entrepreneur, Ferdinand Beert (1835-1902), and was built at the corner of the Boulevard de Rochechouart and the Rue des Martyrs, in what was then the edge of the City of Paris, under the name "Cirque Fernando." The area was a working-class neighborhood at the foot of the hill of Montmartre, famous for its many places of popular entertainment, among which the Moulin de la Galette and the famous Bal du Moulin Rouge — and in the vicinity of the Bateau-Lavoir in Montmartre, where many young painters lived. More on The Cirque Medrano

Jean Dufy (b Le Havre, France, 1888; d La Boissière, 1964) French Painter. Following his service in the military, from 1910-1912, Jean Dufy relocated to Paris. Inspired by the work of Braque and Picasso, Dufy created watercolors that expressed a heightened understanding of color and light. In the mid-1920s, Jean Dufy became captivated by the music of the time, such as Darius Millaud and Francis Poulenc, and incorporated this interest into his artwork. While depicting orchestral and musical subjects, Dufy later became enchanted by the coast of Northern France and began to create majestic and effecting landscapes. Throughout the 1950s Dufy explored Western Europe and North America, but inevitably returned to his watercolors and oils of Paris. Just two months after the death of his wife, Ismérie, Jean Dufy died in 1964 in La Boissiere. More Jean Dufy

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01 Painting, Streets of Paris, Part 70 - With Footnotes

Henry MALFROY, 1895-1944

Paris, l'Arc de Triomphe

Huile sur papier

27 x 35 cm.

Private collection

Honoring those who fought and died for France during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, the Arc de Triomphe de l'Étoile stands at the center of the present work by Jean Béraud, the master of Belle Époque Parisian painting. Béraud presents the prototypical view of the Champs-Élysées: fashionably dressed figures stroll under the trees and others ride in carriages down the busy avenue. Many have commented on Beraud's realistic portrayal of everyday life at the fin-de-siecle and this attention to detail extends to his meticulous depiction of a plaster sculpture that surmounted the Arc itself at the time-Alexandre Falguière's The Triumph of the Revolution. As one of the finest sculptors to practice during the Second Empire, Falguière conceived his monumental plaster sculpture as an elaborate quadriga preparing to "crush Anarchy and Despotism", a worthy commentary on the political vagaries that had beset France in the past. The plaster group was in place from 1882 until it crumbled in 1886. Unfortunately, no version in bronze was commissioned; there is only a maquette of the sculpture in the collection of the Musée d'Orsay, and, of course, images such as Béraud's Arc de Triomphe. More on this painting

Henry Malfroy, ( b. January 15, 1895, in Martinique; died in 1944), was born in Martigues (Mouth of the Rhone) on the 15th January 1895.

He was most likely the son of Charles Malfroy, with whom he is often confused. He was an impressionist painter, specialising in topographical subjects including the town of Cassis, the Mouth of the Rhone, the Var and in particular street scenes of Paris.

He regularly exhibited at the Salons des Artistes Francais et des Independants. More on Henry Malfroy

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01 Painting, The amorous game, Part 54 - With Footnotes

Jan Lievens, Leiden 1607 - 1674 Amsterdam

WOMAN EMBRACED BY A MAN, MODELLED BY THE YOUNG REMBRANDT

Oil on canvas

38¼ by 33⅛ in.; 97 by 84 cm.

Private collection

Jan Lievens (24 October 1607 – 4 June 1674) was a Dutch painter, usually associated with Rembrandt, working in a similar style. According to Arnold Houbraken, Jan was the son of a tapestry worker, and was trained by Joris Verschoten. He was sent to Pieter Lastman in Amsterdam at about the age of 10 for two full years. After that he began his career as an independent artist, at about the age of 12 in Leiden. He became something of a celebrity because of his talent at such a young age. This attracted the attention of Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange, around 1620, who bought a life-size painting of a young man reading by the light of a turf-fire. He gave this painting in turn to the English Ambassador, who presented it to James I. This was the reason why, when Lievens was 31, he was invited to the British court. When he returned from England he settled in Antwerp, where he married Suzanna Colyn de Nole, the daughter of the sculptor Michiel Colyns. In this period he won many commissions from royalty, mayors, and city halls.

Lievens collaborated and shared a studio with Rembrandt van Rijn from about 1626 to 1631. Their competitive collaboration, represented in some two dozen paintings, drawings and etchings, was intimate enough to cause difficulties in the attribution of works from this period. Lievens showed talent for painting in a life-size scale, and his dramatic compositions suggest the influence of the Caravaggisti. Lievens was more inventive, yet less expressive than Rembrandt. The two men split in 1631, when Rembrandt moved to Amsterdam and Lievens to England. In 1656 Rembrandt still owned paintings by his former friend.

During his time in England Lievens painted a portrait for Thomas Howard, 21st Earl of Arundel, and became influenced by the works of Anthony van Dyck. Lievens worked in Antwerp, and cooperated with Adriaen Brouwer. After being a court painter in The Hague and Berlin, he returned to Amsterdam in 1655. After his first wife died he married a sister of Jan de Bray in 1648. After 1672, the Rampjaar Lievens had increasing financial difficulties and his family voided all claims of inheritance on his death due to his debts. More on Jan Lievens